Amir Mohammad Abbasi1, Mohammad Reza Eftekhari Hasan Abad1, and Muhammad Saeed2,*
1Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
2Institute of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Abstract:
Hydatid cyst disease is a serious parasitic infection caused by the larvae of the tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus. The disease affects millions of people worldwide, especially in regions, where dogs are used for livestock herding. Treating hydatid cysts is difficult and often involves invasive surgical procedures that risk complications. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy has emerged as a promising new approach for treating hydatid cyst disease.This study aimed to explore the properties and therapeutic potential of MSCs, their role in the treatment of hydatid cyst disease, and the advantages of using MSC therapy in comparison with traditional treatment methods. The MSCs are adult stem cells found in various tissues, including bone marrow, adipose tissue, and umbilical cord tissue. The MSCs can differentiate into various cell types and modulate the immune response. This makes them a potentiallyvaluable tool for treating infectious diseases, including hydatid cyst disease. Several studies have shown that MSC therapy can improve the outcomes of hydatid cyst disease. The MSCs were able to significantly reduce the cysts’ size and decrease the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The MSC therapy has several advantages rather totraditional treatment methods for hydatid cyst disease. The MSC therapy is minimally invasive and carries a lower risk of complications than surgical procedures. MSC therapy can also be combined with other treatments, such as albendazole, to improve the efficacy of the treatment. In conclusion, MSC therapy could revolutionize the treatment of hydatid cyst disease. More research is needed to fully understand MSC therapy’s mechanisms and optimize the treatment protocols. However, the promising results of initial studies suggest that MSC therapy may become an important tool in the fight against hydatid cyst disease.
1. Introduction:
Hydatidcyst disease is a parasitic infection,caused by the larvae of the tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus(E.granulosus)1,2. The disease affects millions of people worldwide, particularly in regions where dogs are used for livestock herding3-5. The lifecycle of the E.granulosustapeworm involves dogs as definitive hosts and livestock, such as sheep,as intermediate hosts, leading to the contamination of soil and water with parasite eggs6. Consuming food or water contaminated with these eggs can cause infection in humans due to hydatid cysts. Hydatid cysts can develop in various organs, among which the liver is the most commonly affected site. Other affected organs may include the lungs, spleen, and brain. The symptoms of hydatid cyst disease depend on the size and location of the cysts, and range from asymptomatic to life-threatening.The current treatment options for hydatid cyst disease are primarily surgical combined with chemotherapy, to remove the cysts from the affected organs7. However, doing surgery on vital organs can be difficult and risky8. Furthermore, recurrence and long-term complications,such as liver dysfunction are other risks9. In recent years, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy has emerged as a promising new approach for treating hydatid cyst disease10.
