Hussein Alwan, Ali Resen, Abdolhadi Bashar , Aqeel Abdulabbas and Mehdi Hassanshahian
College of Medical and Health Technologies, Osouleldeen University, Iraq
Department of Life Sciences, ibn Al-Haytham college, University of Baghdad, Iraq
Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran Corresponding author: Mehdi Hassanshahian, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran Email: mshahi@uk.ac.ir
Abstract:
The oceans, as a large area of the planet, are of great importance to the biological status of organisms. They are contaminated with different compounds that are dangerous to health conditions. Biodegradation is one way to reduce pollution. Therefore the current review aimed to this bibliometric analysis. Data were collected from published articles in Scopus and Clarivate Analytics Web of Science databases between 1985 and April 2021, and then Scopus documents were examined using VOS viewer and Bibliometrix-package due to their larger number. Analysis was performed for the number of publications per year, document types, sources, keywords, authors, organizations, and countries. The results showed a growing trend in publishing documents from 2010 to 2022. The two keywords biodegradation and bioremediation grew more.
1.Introduction:
Over the past few years, the oceans have been used to dispose of waste and litter. Accumulation and stability of these substances in water cause pollution in the ecosystem. Types of marine pollution include crude oil1, plastic2, and other chemical pollution3. Annually, large volumes of crude oil and its products are transported through waterways, which can lead to ocean pollution. Oil pollution can reduce biodiversity, that various aspects of this issue can be traumatic4. Despite the widespread use of plastics in human life, their disposal in the oceans causes many problems that are harmful to health2 . Environmental microbial flora can degrade plastic compounds. Some researcher work on cynobacteria that ability to biodegradation of crude oil and thus research on cyanobacteria has been promising5. Bioremediation is a process in which microorganisms are used to eliminate or reduce environmental pollution. Diverse bioremediation procedures based on microbial metabolisms, such as natural attention, bioaugmentation and biostimulation was designed and created6. The biodegradation quality is affected by different factors, including bacterial physiology7, type of pollutant8 and environmental conditions9. So far, bacteria with the ability to bioremediate have been isolated and identified from different sources such as soft corals, sponges, marine sediments. Ansari et al. introducded the bacterial isolates that had the greatest ability to decompose crude oil from the genera Cobetia, Shewanella, Alcanivorax, and Cellulosimicrobium by studying bacteria with the bioremediation ability of Persian Gulf corals in Iran10. Ados Santos et al. also performed a mixture of coral prebiotic bacteria intending to degrade the water-soluble part of the oil11. The results were not only encouraging for degradation but even promising for improving coral health. Ferrante et al. reported the high capacity of bioaccumulation of Cu in Chondrilla nucula sponge, which can be used as bioremediation in polluted coastal areas12. In another study, the biodegradability of Spheciospongia vesparium sea sponge for dissolved organic matter was investigated13.
